Elizabeth Barrett Browning: A Discussion of "How Do I Love Thee?"
Author: Garry Gamber
< P > H o w D o I L o v e T h e e ? b y E l i z a b e t h B a r r e t t B r o w n i n g w a s w r i t t e n i n 1 8 4 5 w h i l e s h e w a s b e i n g c o u r t e d b y t h e E n g l i s h p o e t , R o b e r t B r o w n i n g . T h e p o e m i s a l s o t i t l e d S o n n e t X L I I I f r o m < I > S o n n e t s F r o m t h e P o r t u g u e s e < / I > . < / P > < P > < B > E a r l y E x p e r i e n c e s < / B > < / P > < P > E l i z a b e t h B a r r e t t w a s b o r n i n D u r h a m E n g l a n d i n 1 8 0 6 , t h e f i r s t d a u g h t e r o f a f f l u e n t p a r e n t s w h o o w n e d s u g a r p l a n t a t i o n s i n J a m a i c a . S h e w a s h o m e - s c h o o l e d a n d r e a d v o r a c i o u s l y i n h i s t o r y , p h i l o s o p h y a n d l i t e r a t u r e . Y o u n g E l i z a b e t h l e a r n e d H e b r e w i n o r d e r t o r e a d o r i g i n a l B i b l e t e x t s a n d G r e e k i n o r d e r t o r e a d o r i g i n a l G r e e k d r a m a a n d p h i l o s o p h y . S h e b e g a n w r i t i n g p o e m s w h e n s h e w a s 1 2 y e a r s o l d , t h o u g h s h e d i d n o t p u b l i s h h e r f i r s t c o l l e c t i o n f o r a n o t h e r t w e n t y y e a r s . < / P > < P > E l i z a b e t h B a r r e t t d e v e l o p e d a s e r i o u s r e s p i r a t o r y a i l m e n t b y a g e 1 5 a n d a h o r s e r i d i n g a c c i d e n t s h o r t l y t h e r e a f t e r l e f t h e r w i t h a s e r i o u s s p i n a l i n j u r y . T h e s e t w o h e a l t h p r o b l e m s r e m a i n e d w i t h h e r a l l o f h e r l i f e . < / P > < P > I n 1 8 2 8 h e r m o t h e r d i e d a n d f o u r y e a r s l a t e r t h e f a m i l y b u s i n e s s f a l t e r e d a n d h e r f a t h e r s o l d t h e D u r h a m e s t a t e a n d m o v e d t h e f a m i l y t o a c o a s t a l t o w n . H e w a s s t e r n , p r o t e c t i v e , a n d e v e n t y r a n n i c a l a n d f o r b i d a n y o f h i s c h i l d r e n t o m a r r y . I n 1 8 3 3 E l i z a b e t h p u b l i s h e d h e r f i r s t w o r k , a t r a n s l a t i o n o f < I > P r o m e t h e u s B o u n d < / I > b y t h e G r e e k d r a m a t i s t A e s c h y l u s . < / P > < P > A f e w y e a r s l a t e r t h e f a m i l y m o v e d t o L o n d o n . H e r f a t h e r b e g a n s e n d i n g E l i z a b e t h s y o u n g e r b r o t h e r s a n d s i s t e r s t o J a m a i c a t o h e l p w i t h t h e f a m i l y b u s i n e s s . E l i z a b e t h w a s d i s t r e s s e d b e c a u s e s h e o p e n l y o p p o s e d s l a v e r y i n J a m a i c a a n d o n t h e f a m i l y p l a n t a t i o n s a n d b e c a u s e s h e d i d n o t w a n t h e r s i b l i n g s s e n t a w a y . < / P > < P > < B > E a r l y W r i t i n g < / B > < / P > < P > I n 1 8 3 8 E l i z a b e t h B a r r e t t w r o t e a n d p u b l i s h e d < I > T h e S e r a p h i m a n d O t h e r P o e m s < / I > . T h e c o l l e c t i o n t o o k t h e f o r m o f a c l a s s i c a l G r e e k t r a g e d y a n d e x p r e s s e d h e r d e e p C h r i s t i a n s e n t i m e n t s . < / P > < P > S h o r t l y t h e r e a f t e r , E l i z a b e t h s p o o r h e a l t h p r o m p t e d h e r t o m o v e t o I t a l y , a c c o m p a n i e d b y h e r d e a r b r o t h e r E d w a r d , w h o m s h e r e f e r r e d t o a s " B r o . " U n f o r t u n a t e l y h e d r o w n e d a y e a r l a t e r i n a s a i l i n g a c c i d e n t a n d E l i z a b e t h r e t u n e d t o L o n d o n , s e r i o u s l y i l l , e m o t i o n a l l y b r o k e n , a n d h o p e l e s s l y g r i e f - s t r i c k e n . S h e b e c a m e r e c l u s i v e f o r t h e n e x t f i v e y e a r s , c o n f i n i n g h e r s e l f t o h e r b e d r o o m . < / P > < P > S h e c o n t i n u e d t o w r i t e p o e t r y , h o w e v e r , a n d p u b l i s h e d a c o l l e c t i o n i n 1 8 4 4 s i m p l y t i t l e d , < I > P o e m s < / I > . I t w a s a l s o p u b l i s h e d i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s w i t h a n i n t r o d u c t i o n b y E d g a r A l l a n P o e . I n o n e o f t h e p o e m s s h e p r a i s e d o n e o f t h e w o r k s o f R o b e r t B r o w n i n g , w h i c h g a i n e d h i s a t t e n t i o n . H e w r o t e b a c k t o h e r , e x p r e s s i n g h i s a d m i r a t i o n f o r < I > P o e m s < / I > . < / P > < P > < B > R o b e r t B r o w n i n g < / B > < / P > < P > O v e r t h e n e x t t w e n t y m o n t h s E l i z a b e t h B a r r e t t a n d R o b e r t B r o w n i n g e x c h a n g e d 5 7 4 l e t t e r s . A n a d m i r a t i o n , r e s p e c t , a n d l o v e f o r e a c h o t h e r g r e w a n d f l o u r i s h e d . I n 1 8 4 5 R o b e r t B r o w n i n g s e n t E l i z a b e t h a t e l e g r a m w h i c h r e a d , " I l o v e y o u r v e r s e s w i t h a l l m y h e a r t , d e a r M i s s B a r r e t t . I d o , a s I s a y , l o v e t h e s e b o o k s w i t h a l l m y h e a r t a n d I l o v e y o u t o o . " A f e w m o n t h s l a t e r t h e t w o m e t a n d f e l l i n l o v e . < / P > < P > I n s p i r e d b y h e r l o v e f o r R o b e r t B r o w n i n g , E l i z a b e t h B a r r e t t w r o t e t h e 4 4 l o v e p o e m s w h i c h w e r e c o l l e c t e d i n < I > S o n n e t s F r o m t h e P o r t u g u e s e < / I > a n d w h i c h w e r e e v e n t u a l l y p u b l i s h e d i n 1 8 5 0 . H e r g r o w i n g l o v e f o r R o b e r t a n d h e r a b i l i t y t o e x p r e s s h e r e m o t i o n s i n t h e s o n n e t s a n d l o v e p o e m s a l l o w e d E l i z a b e t h t o e s c a p e f r o m t h e o p p r e s s i o n o f h e r f a t h e r a n d t h e d e p r e s s i o n o f h e r r e c l u s e . < / P > < P > H e r f a t h e r s t r o n g l y o p p o s e d t h e r e l a t i o n s h i p s o s h e k e p t h e r l o v e a f f a i r a s e c r e t a s l o n g a s p o s s i b l e . T h e c o u p l e e l o p e d i n 1 8 4 6 a n d h e r f a t h e r n e v e r f o r g a v e h e r o r s p o k e t o h e r t h e r e a f t e r . < / P > < P > < B > M o v e t o I t a l y < / B > < / P > < P > E l i z a b e t h B a r r e t t B r o w n i n g a n d h e r h u s b a n d , R o b e r t , w e n t t o P i s a , I t a l y a n d s o o n s e t t l e d i n F l o r e n c e w h e r e s h e s p e n t t h e r e s t o f h e r l i f e , w i t h o c c a s i o n a l v i s i t s t o L o n d o n . S o o n E l i z a b e t h s h e a l t h i m p r o v e d e n o u g h t o b e a b l e t o g i v e b i r t h t o t h e c o u p l e s o n l y c h i l d , R o b e r t . < / P > < P > I n 1 8 5 0 s h e p u b l i s h e d < I > S o n n e t s F r o m t h e P o r t u g u e s e . < / I > S o m e h a v e s p e c u l a t e d t h a t t h e t i t l e w a s c h o s e n t o h i d e t h e p e r s o n a l n a t u r e o f t h e s o n n e t s a n d t o i m p l y t h a t t h e c o l l e c t i o n w a s a t r a n s l a t i o n o f e a r l i e r w o r k s . H o w e v e r , R o b e r t s p e t n a m e f o r E l i z a b e t h w a s " m y l i t t l e P o r t u g u e s e , " a r e f l e c t i o n o n E l i z a b e t h s d a r k e r , m e d i t e r r a n e a n c o m p l e x i o n , p o s s i b l y i n h e r i t e d f r o m t h e f a m i l y s J a m a i c a n t i e s . < / P > < P > W h i l e l i v i n g i n F l o r e n c e , E l i z a b e t h B a r r e t t B r o w n i n g p u b l i s h e d 3 m o r e c o n s i d e r a b l e w o r k s . S h e a d d r e s s e d I t a l i a n p o l i t i c a l t o p i c s a n d s o m e o t h e r u n p o p u l a r s u b j e c t s , s u c h a s s l a v e r y , c h i l d l a b o r , m a l e d o m i n a t i o n , a n d a w o m a n s r i g h t t o i n t e l l e c t u a l f r e e d o m . T h o u g h h e r p o p u l a r i t y d e c r e a s e d a s a r e s u l t o f t h e s e c h o i c e s , s h e w a s r e a d a n d h e a r d a n d r e c o g n i z e d t h r o u g h o u t E u r o p e . S h e d i e d i n F l o r e n c e i n 1 8 6 1 . < / P > < P > < B > T h e P o e m , " H o w D o I L o v e T h e e ? " < / B > < / P > < P > S o n n e t X L I I I , " H o w D o I L o v e T h e e ? " i s p r o b a b l y E l i z a b e t h B a r r e t t B r o w n i n g s m o s t p o p u l a r l o v e p o e m . I t i s h e a r t f e l t , r o m a n t i c , l o v i n g , e l e g a n t , a n d s i m p l e . I t i s a l s o q u i t e m e m o r a b l e . < / P > < P > T h e l o v e p o e m s t a r t s w i t h t h e q u e s t i o n , " H o w D o I L o v e T h e e ? " a n d p r o c e e d s t o c o u n t t h e w a y s . H e r C h r i s t i a n s p i r i t u a l i t y t e s t i f i e s t h a t s h e l o v e s R o b e r t " t o t h e d e p t h a n d b r e a d t h a n d h e i g h t m y s o u l c a n r e a c h . " S h e t h e n p r o f e s s e s s e v e n m o r e w a y s t h a t s h e l o v e s R o b e r t . H e r " p a s s i o n p u t t o u s e i n m y o l d g r i e f s " r e f e r s t o t h e d e p t h o f h e r f o r m e r d e s p a i r . T h e l o v e t h a t " I s e e m e d t o l o s e w i t h m y l o s t s a i n t s " r e f e r s t o t h e l o s t l o v e s o f h e r m o t h e r a n d h e r b r o t h e r . < / P > < P > T h e l o v e p o e m e n d s w i t h t h e d e c l a r a t i o n t h a t t i m e a n d d e a t h w i l l n o t d i m i n i s h h e r l o v e f o r R o b e r t b e c a u s e " i f G o d c h o o s e , I s h a l l b u t l o v e t h e e b e t t e r a f t e r d e a t h . " < / P > < P > < B > H o w D o I L o v e T h e e < / B > < / P > < P > H o w d o I l o v e t h e e ? L e t m e c o u n t t h e w a y s . < B R > I l o v e t h e e t o t h e d e p t h a n d b r e a d t h a n d h e i g h t < B R > M y s o u l c a n r e a c h , w h e n f e e l i n g o u t o f s i g h t < B R > F o r t h e e n d s o f B e i n g a n d i d e a l G r a c e . < / P > < P > I l o v e t h e e t o t h e l e v e l o f e v e r y d a y ' s < B R > M o s t q u i e t n e e d , b y s u n a n d c a n d l e l i g h t . < B R > I l o v e t h e e f r e e l y , a s m e n s t r i v e f o r R i g h t ; < B R > I l o v e t h e e p u r e l y , a s t h e y t u r n f r o m P r a i s e . < / P > < P > I l o v e t h e e w i t h t h e p a s s i o n p u t t o u s e < B R > I n m y o l d g r i e f s , a n d w i t h m y c h i l d h o o d ' s f a i t h . < B R > I l o v e t h e e w i t h a l o v e I s e e m e d t o l o s e < B R > W i t h m y l o s t s a i n t s , - - I l o v e t h e e w i t h t h e b r e a t h , < B R > S m i l e s , t e a r s , o f a l l m y l i f e ! - - a n d , i f G o d c h o o s e , < B R > I s h a l l b u t l o v e t h e e b e t t e r a f t e r d e a t h . < / P >
Author Bio:
Garry Gamber
Garry is a public school teacher and entrepreneur. He is formerly a retail store manager and purchasing agent. Garry enjoys teaching writing skills to young students and helping them to prepare for a productive lifestyle. He is an avid bicyclist who has cycled across America, through Europe, and to Alaska. Garry enjoys writing about politics, health and nutrition, real estate, and internet dating services. His favorite quote is, "You have to live a lot of years to be as wise as I am."
You can search for this article using: types of poetry, famous poetry, dark poetry, childrens poetry, poetry terms, poetry analysis
Globe Antiques London UK
Collection of ceramics i.e.deco,shelly,clarice cliff,moorcroft.dennis chinaworks,and many more. Textiles, clothing, lace,. Jewellery costume/vintage and some furniture and oddities.
Just Cowboys
Nobody rides tougher than our American Cowboy forefathers. Now take a journey into the past with this beautiful collection.
Mixed Martial Arts
Marc Wickert is one of the world's most respected martial arts journalists. For years his articles have been published internationally in fight magazines and on the acclaimed knucklepit.com website.
My Granny Attic Antiques, Collectibles & more
Offers a spectacular blend of quality antiques, unique collectibles, kitsch and meaningful gifts for that special person or yourself. Including custom Victorian decoupage & patriotic picture frames. An eclectic shop with an eccentric owner.
New Guinea Craft
Handcrafted Bilum string shoulder bags made from wild tulip tree bark, unique products and gifts presented by New Guinea Craft a leading online provider of beautiful handcrafted craft products from Papua New Guinea.